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The 10 leading U.S. Democratic presidential candidates squared off in a spirited debate Thursday night, trading political jabs with each other on an array of issues, but also assailing the man they want to oust from the White House in the 2020 election, Republican President Donald Trump.

California Senator Kamala Harris accused Trump of engaging in “hate, intimidation and fear” and telling 12,000 lies during his 2½-year presidency.

Senator Kamala Harris gives a thumbs down as she speaks during the 2020 Democratic U.S. presidential debate in Houston, Sept. 12, 2019.

She said the only reason Trump has not been indicted for obstructing the investigation into his 2016 campaign’s links with Russia was because a Justice Department policy “says a sitting president cannot be charged with a crime.”

“The American people are so much better,” she declared.

Former Texas Congressman Beto O’Rourke said a gunman in his hometown of El Paso, Texas, who targeted Mexicans, killing 22 people in early August, was “inspired to kill by our president” because of his campaign against migrants trying to enter the country through the southern border with Mexico.

Democratic presidential candidate former Texas Rep. Beto O'Rourke answers a question, Sept. 12, 2019, during a Democratic presidential primary debate hosted by ABC at Texas Southern University in Houston.

Senator Amy Klobuchar of Minnesota said Trump “would rather lie than lead.”

The three poll-leading Democratic candidates — former Vice President Joe Biden and Senators Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders — all took shots at Trump.

Biden, former President Barack Obama’s two-term vice president, said he refuses to postpone the effort to cure cancer and Alzheimer’s disease and improve education.

“There’s enormous opportunity once we get rid of Donald Trump,” he said.

Sanders called Trump “the most dangerous president in the history of this country.”

Former Vice President Joe Biden speaks during the 2020 Democratic U.S. presidential debate in Houston, Sept. 12, 2019.

Health care policies

At the outset, Biden, Warren and Sanders heatedly argued over how to change U.S. health care policies.

Both Sanders and Warren support a government-run health insurance program common in some other Western democracies, calling it Medicare for All, an expansion of the existing U.S. health insurance program for older Americans.

Meanwhile, Biden supports more incremental changes to improve the national health policies adopted when he was Obama’s No. 2. The health care plan, popularly known as Obamacare, added tens of millions of people, but not everyone, to health insurance rolls to help them pay their medical bills.

Biden contended that neither Sanders nor Warren would be able to finance their health policy changes.

“Look at the cost,” Biden said. “I lay out how I would pay for it.”

Warren responded, “With Medicare for All, costs are going to go down.”

Sanders declared, “We’re going to stand up to the greed and corruption of the pharmaceuticals.”

Democratic presidential candidate Sen. Amy Klobuchar, D-Minn., answers a question, Sept. 12, 2019, during a Democratic presidential primary debate at Texas Southern University in Houston.

But Senator Klobuchar said Sanders’ government-run program would be a step too far.

“While Bernie wrote the bill, I read the bill,” Klobuchar said. She said tens of millions would lose their private health insurance. “I don’t think that’s a bold idea; I think that’s a bad idea.”

The three-hour debate in Houston, Texas, was the third in a planned series of debates extending into 2020, but the first since late July.

Democratic Party presidential nominating contests start in February with almost weekly elections and caucuses designed to winnow the crowded field, leading to the selection of an eventual nominee by next summer to face Trump in the Nov. 3, 2020, election.

Republican protesters

Republicans made their presence known outside the debate, flying a large banner, playing off a Republican claim that the Democratic candidates are socialists. “Socialism will kill Houston’s economy. Vote Trump 2020,” the banner said.

Trump, as he headed to Baltimore, Maryland, for a political speech, predicted that the Democratic nomination contest would come down to Biden, Massachusetts Senator Warren and Vermont Senator Sanders “because they are so far in the lead, the three of them.”

Biden, for 36 years a U.S. senator and twice a losing presidential contender, is leading with about 30% support in national polls of Democrats. Warren and Sanders are virtually tied in most polling, about 10 points or so behind Biden nationally, but closer or even ahead of Biden in some early-voting states. No other candidates are registering above single digits in national polling.

Thursday’s debate also was the first time that Biden and Warren were on the same debate stage, standing virtually at arm’s length with each other at adjacent podiums.

Polls show Warren, a former Harvard law professor, and Sanders, a self-described democratic socialist, are Biden’s main current challengers, with the seven other contenders on the debate stage trailing far behind in national polling.

Democratic U.S. presidential candidates, from left, Senator Amy Klobuchar, Senator Cory Booker, South Bend Mayor Pete Buttigieg, Senator Bernie Sanders, former Vice President Joe Biden, Senator Elizabeth Warren, Senator Kamala Harris, entrepreneur Andrew Yang, former Rep. Beto O'Rourke and former Housing Secretary Julian Castro pose before the start at the 2020 Democratic U.S. presidential debate in Houston, Sept. 12, 2019.

All 10, however, have fared better in polling and campaign donations than still another 10 candidates who did not meet Democratic Party requirements to appear at Thursday’s debate.

The other candidates at Thursday’s debate included Harris, Klobuchar, O’Rourke, Senator Cory Booker of New Jersey; South Bend, Indiana, Mayor Pete Buttigieg; former U.S. Housing and Urban Development Secretary Julian Castro, and entrepreneur Andrew Yang.

Biden’s selection as the Democratic nominee to face Trump is no certainty, even as polls 14 months ahead of next year’s national election show Biden winning a hypothetical matchup with Trump. Biden has used his poll-leading status as his main campaign pitch for why he ought to be the nominee, a consensus choice, he says, to do the one thing Democrats most want: deny Trump a second four-year term.

But various surveys also show Sanders, Warren, Harris and Buttigieg defeating Trump as well, although not by as much as Biden.

“Four years of Donald Trump would be an aberration in American history,” Biden likes to tell voters. “Eight years will fundamentally change who we are as a nation.”

Gambling sites in the U.S. and abroad, however, have Warren as the favorite to eventually overtake Biden for the nomination.

Democrats’ views

Some Democrats view the 76-year-old Biden as too old to take on the nearly-as-old Trump, who is 73. Sanders is even older, 78, while Warren is 70. Biden’s mostly center-left political views on a number of issues, such as on health care policy and get-along relations with opposition Republicans, are at odds with Democratic candidates like Warren, Sanders and party stalwarts who have adopted more progressive stances to shake up Washington.

Moreover, Biden has raised new worries with his at-times stumbling remarks on the campaign trail. He has acknowledged he is a “gaffe machine,” with his misstatements piling up in recent weeks, magnified time and again by repeat showings on social media accounts.

Biden has told crowds he is delighted to be in their state, but named the wrong state. He misidentified where two mass shootings occurred in August, even though it was only a day after the mayhem unfolded, killing 31 people. He flubbed a line about how minority children can succeed in America, botched his conclusion about Trump changing the nation at the end of the July debate and added to the confusion by asking supporters to donate to his campaign at a non-existent web site.

Whether any of his lapses matters is an open question among political pundits in the U.S. Voters so far have not seemed to care, with Biden holding a steady lead in the polls.